Abstract
ObjectiveFew studies have so far investigated the impact of sleep duration on chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between sleep duration and albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.Research Design and MethodsA total of 4,870 Japanese type 2 diabetic patients ≥20 years of age were divided into six groups according to self-reported sleep duration: less than 4.5 hours, 4.5–5.4 hours, 5.5–6.4 hours, 6.5–7.4 hours, 7.5–8.4 hours and more than 8.5 hours. The association between sleep duration and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) was examined cross-sectionally.ResultsBoth short and long sleep durations were significantly associated with higher UACR levels and higher proportions of patients with albuminuria (≥30 mg/g) and macroalbuminuria (≥300 mg/g) compared with a sleep duration of 6.5–7.4 hours (P for quadratic trend <0.001). A U-shaped association between sleep duration and UACR remained significant even after adjustment for potential confounders, including age, sex, duration of diabetes, current smoking habits, former smoking habits, current drinking habits, regular exercise habits, total energy intake, total protein intake, hypnotic use and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Furthermore, the association remained substantially unchanged after additional adjustment for body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, systolic blood pressure, renin-angiotensin system inhibitor use and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that sleep duration has a U-shaped association with the UACR levels in type 2 diabetic patients, independent of potential confounders.
Highlights
In recent decades, the habitual sleep duration in most individuals has decreased [1], most likely owing to the transition from a traditional to a modern lifestyle
Both short and long sleep durations were significantly associated with higher urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) levels and higher proportions of patients with albuminuria ($30 mg/g) and macroalbuminuria ($300 mg/g) compared with a sleep duration of 6.5–7.4 hours (P for quadratic trend,0.001)
The association remained substantially unchanged after additional adjustment for body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, systolic blood pressure, renin-angiotensin system inhibitor use and depressive symptoms
Summary
The habitual sleep duration in most individuals has decreased [1], most likely owing to the transition from a traditional to a modern lifestyle. No epidemiological studies have so far examined the association between sleep duration and either urinary albumin or protein excretion among diabetic patients, despite the fact that diabetes is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure and one of the most important risk factors for CVD. In this context, we investigated the association between sleep duration and urinary albumin excretion in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients
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