Abstract
Background: Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy predominant among Afro-descendants, and has been categorized as a public health issue as it affects a significant percentage of the world’s population. The aim of this study is to determine the association of dental caries among Sudanese sickle cell disease children in relation to healthy controls children. Methods: dmft and DMFT were recorded for 212 sickle cell disease children aged 3-15 years old, matched with 212 control healthy children in Khartoum, Sudan. Statistical analysis was done using statistical software SPSS 17.5 version. Chi square test was used for the comparison of study and control groups, the level of significance was set at p Results: dmft was significant among age group 4-6 and 7-11 years old while DMFT was only significant among group 12-14 years old sickle cell disease. There is highly significant association exists in dmft and DMF. Sickle cell disease group is 1.115 likely to have present component in dmft when compared to control group and 1.82 likely to have present component of DMFT when compared to control group. Conclusion: Sudanese sickle cell disease children had high prevalence of dental caries than the healthy children. Establishment of frequent dental examination schedule for sickle cell disease children, including preventive dental care and promoting oral hygiene practices with toothbrushes, toothpaste, and mouthwash are recommended.
Highlights
IntroductionTwo types of sickle cell disease were recognized; homozygous and heterozygous
Sickle Cell Disease is defined as hereditary autosomal recessive blood disorder characterized by hemoglobin gene mutation caused by amino acid substitution in the gene coding valine is encoded instead of glutamic acid, so that the amino acid results in the production of hemoglobin S rather than hemoglobin A [1,2]
The dmft was significant among age group 4-6 and 7-11 yearsold while DMFT was only significant among group 12-14 years-old sickle cell disease
Summary
Two types of sickle cell disease were recognized; homozygous and heterozygous. Homozygous have S-type haemoglobin (Hb-SS), and sickle-cell disease develops as a result. Heterozygous (Hb-SA) have a sickle cell trait with 40% of S-type haemoglobin (Hb-SS) and the remaining is normal (Hb-AA), which is a mild characteristics disease [1,3,4,5,6]. In Sudan, sickle cell disease is following natural extension of West African sub-Saharan belt. Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive hemoglobinopathy predominant among Afro-descendants, and has been categorized as a public health issue as it affects a significant percentage of the world’s population. The aim of this study is to determine the association of dental caries among Sudanese sickle cell disease children in relation to healthy controls children
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