Association between serum vitamin C and chronic kidney disease among adults in NHANES, 2017-2018

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective The current study evaluated the relationship between serum vitamin C and chronic kidney disease. Methods The database from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2017–2018) was used to perform a cross-sectional study. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between serum vitamin C and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and stratified analysis by sex was performed to assess whether there were sex differences in the association between serum vitamin C and CKD. Results Before stratified analysis, multivariate logistic regression showed that serum vitamin C was negatively associated with CKD in all models (All OR > 1, P< 0.05), the risk of CKD decreased by one quantile increase in serum vitamin C (P for trend< 0.001) and low vitamin C status was associated with a higher risk of CKD (All OR > 1, P< 0.05). Stratified analyses by sex showed that the association between serum vitamin C and CKD remained negative in men, but not in women. Conclusion There were a negative correlation between serum vitamin C and CKD, low levels of vitamin C were associated with a higher risk of CKD, and these associations were only found in men, but not in women.