Abstract
BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Previous studies in obese children demonstrating a positive association between serum uric acid (sUA) and components of MetS are confounded by lack of uniformity in age and pubertal status of children. Therefore, we have examined the role of sUA in MetS and its components in pre-pubertal children (Tanner Stage I, age ≤ 9 years).MethodsPre-pubertal obese children (32 boys, 27 girls, age 6–9 years) were recruited from Nuevo Leon, Mexico. For comparison, an equal number of children with normal body mass index (BMI) in the same age range (22 Boys, 39 girls, age 6–9 years) were also recruited from the same community. Presence of MetS and its components was defined according to the criteria of International Diabetes Federation. Fasting blood was analyzed for lipids, glucose, insulin, and uric acid.ResultsAmong the obese children, sUA was positively associated with insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia and negatively associated with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc). Subjects were three times more likely to have a MetS diagnosis per one unit (md/dL) difference in sUA. Of the 59 obese pre-pubertal children, 20 were classified as having MetS defined by the presence of abdominal obesity and two or more of other components described under methods. Of these, 57.1% (20/61) had sUA between 5.1 and 7.1 mg/dl.ConclusionsThe findings of this study clearly indicate a positive relationship between uric acid and MetS and its components in pre-pubertal obese children with Tanner stage I and ≤9 years of age.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes
While in general results of these studies support a direct relationship between serum uric acid (sUA) and MetS, the data for analyses were pooled from pre, peri- and post-pubertal children without any control for differences in their sexual maturity
While the above studies [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11] support the conclusion that the odds ratio of having metS or one or more its components is associated with sUA, seven of the studies [3, 4, 6, 7, 9,10,11] include data from pre-pubertal, postpubrtal and post-pubertal children ranging in age between 4 and 18 years making it difficult to assess the role of sUA in MetS in just pre-pubertal children
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Previous studies in obese children demonstrating a positive association between serum uric acid (sUA) and components of MetS are confounded by lack of uniformity in age and pubertal status of children. We have examined the role of sUA in MetS and its components in pre-pubertal children (Tanner Stage I, age ≤ 9 years). While in general results of these studies support a direct relationship between sUA and MetS, the data for analyses were pooled from pre-, peri- and post-pubertal children without any control for differences in their sexual maturity. In the present study, we have examined the role of sUA in MetS and its components in obese pre-pubertal (Tanner stage I) elementary school children from Mexico and compared it with sexual maturity matched normal body mass index (BMI) children in the same age range
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