Abstract
High serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are linked to many metabolic disorders, but the effects of TSH levels on the oral microbiota are still largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the association between the salivary microbiome in adults and serum TSH levels. Saliva and fasting blood samples were obtained from a health census conducted in Southeast China. All participants were divided according to serum TSH levels. The microbial genetic profiles and changes were acquired by 16S rDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Relevant anthropometric and biochemical measurements such as insulin resistance, blood lipids, and body composition were evaluated with laboratory tests and physical examinations. The salivary microbiome in individuals with higher TSH level showed significantly higher taxa diversity. Principal coordinates analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis showed distinct clustering in the Abnormal and Normal Groups (Adonis, P=0.0320). Granulicatella was identified as a discriminative genus for comparison of the two groups. Fasting serum insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, and hemoglobin A1 were elevated in the Abnormal Group (P<0.05), showing the presence of insulin resistance in individuals with abnormal higher serum TSH levels. Distance-based redundancy analysis revealed the association of this distinctive difference with salivary microbiome. In conclusion, shifts in microbial profile were observed in the saliva of individuals with different serum TSH levels, and insulin resistance may play an important role in the biochemical and microbial alteration.
Highlights
The oral microbiome is a collection of microorganisms that colonize the human oral cavity and constitute an important microenvironment (Zhang et al, 2015)
fasting serum insulin (FSI), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) were significantly elevated in the Abnormal Group (P
TG, which reflected lipid metabolism status and was affected by thyroid function, was significantly higher in the Abnormal compared with Normal Group (P
Summary
The oral microbiome is a collection of microorganisms that colonize the human oral cavity and constitute an important microenvironment (Zhang et al, 2015). Salivary Microbiome Shift With TSH nutrient absorption, substance metabolism and immune responses (Gao et al, 2018). The oral microbiome is dependent on the environment, and it is subject to changes in the environment. Shifts in the oral microbiome are observed in some diseases or when the environment changes. Extensive studies have shown major changes in bacteria in most oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontitis. The oral microbiome is related to various forms of metabolic dysbiosis, such as diabetes, hyperglycemia, and obesity (Saeb et al, 2019; De Andrade et al, 2020; Wei et al, 2020). Our previous work has detected decreased richness and diversity of the oral microbiome during and after radiotherapy (Gao et al, 2015), and major shifts in supragingival microbiota during pregnancy (Lin et al, 2018)
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