Abstract
Introduction: Magnesium (Mg) has been found to block the NMDA ion channel under restingconditions, occupying a binding site within the ion channel. The block is voltage-dependent and isovercome during axonal depolarization that occurs with hypoxia-ischemia. The systemicadministration of magnesium after a stimulated hypoxic ischemia insult has been shown to limitneuronal injury in several animal models. Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study conductedat the Nehru Hospital, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur (UP) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ofthe pediatric department. Result: The prevalence of hypomagnesemia was 2.5%. Hypomagnesemiawas more on day 1 and day 3. Severe birth asphyxia had more prevalence of Hypomagnesaemia. Onday one 4 out of 71 patients had hypomagnesemia. On day 2 no patient had hypomagnesemia,while on day three 4 patients had hypomagnesemia out of 75. A significant difference was found inhypomagnesemia on day 1 and day 2 as well as day 2 and day 3. No patient had an antenatal high-risk factor in mother who had hypomagnesemia; there was no significant association between high-risk factors and hypomagnesemia. Conclusion: There should be more studies regardinghypomagnesemia in birth asphyxia and the association of hypomagnesemia with other parameters.
Highlights
Magnesium (Mg) has been found to block the NMDA ion channel under resting conditions, occupying a binding site within the ion channel
No patient had an antenatal highrisk factor in mother who had hypomagnesemia; there was no significant association between highrisk factors and hypomagnesemia
None of the patients had meningitis and hypomagnesemia; there was no significant association between meningitis and serum magnesium level
Summary
The neonatal seizure is the commonest neurological dysfunction in the neonatal period; it is a paroxysmal alternation in neurological function like motor behavior and/or autonomic function and can occur at any gestational age. Magnesium plays important role in many physiologic functions including protein synthesis, bone development, and cell membrane function. The release of excessive quantities of glutamate in HIE results in overstimulation of glutamate receptors, 2-aminomet hylphenylacetic acid (AMPA), kainite (KA), and N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), located on the postsynaptic membrane of nerve cells. This results in excitotoxicity [11]. 60% of total body magnesium is located in the bone, and the remainder is in the soft tissues. In this soft tissue intracellular compartment, which comprises about 38% of total body magnesium, relatively higher concentrations are found in the skeletal muscle and the liver. The measurement of the intracellular content of Mg can be low despite normal serum concentrations
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