Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the serum lipid levels of patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and to investigate the relationship between serum lipid levels and PACG.Methods: In this cross-sectional, case–control study, a total of 320 PACG subjects and 242 age- and sex-matched control subjects were recruited. Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), small dense LDL-C (SDLDL-C), triglyceride (TRIG), and cholesterol (CHOL) levels were measured using enzymatic colorimetry. Serum apolipoprotein A (APOA), apolipoprotein B (APOB), apolipoprotein E (APOE), and lipoprotein(a) (LPa) levels were measured by immunoturbidimetry.Results: The serum LDL-C, TRIG, HDL-C, APOE, LPa, CHOL, APOB, and APOA levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the PACG group than in the control group. Multiple liner regression analyses revealed that there was a statistically correlation between HDL-C levels and mean deviation MD (B = 0.389, P = 0.002, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.249 to −0.624); LDL-C levels and MD (B = 0.190, P = 0.019, 95% CI = −5.632 to −1.306); and CHOL levels and MD (B = 0.364, P = 0.27, 95% CI = −7.727 to −1.839). Logistic regression analyses showed that high serum HDL-C (odds ratio [OR] = 11.01, 95% CI = 5.616–21.587), LDL-C (OR = 1.330, 95% CI = 1.079–1.640), SDLDL-C (OR = 1.007, 95% CI = 1.005–1.008), APOA (OR = 13.621, 95% CI = 7.251–25.591), APOB (OR = 2.243, 95% CI = 1.060–4.732), LPa (OR = 0.999, 95% CI = 0.998–1.00), and CHOL (OR = 1.131, 95% CI = 1.005–1.326) levels were significantly associated with PACG.Conclusions: High serum HDL-C, LDL-C, APOA, APOB, LPa, and CHOL levels were associated with PACG.
Highlights
Glaucoma is a multifactor-induced progressive optic neuropathy with obvious visual field defects, and is the most common irreversible blinding eye disease in the world [1, 2]
Multiple liner regression analyses revealed that there was a statistically correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and mean deviation MD (B = 0.389, P = 0.002, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.249 to −0.624); low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and MD (B = 0.190, P = 0.019, 95% CI = −5.632 to −1.306); and CHOL levels and MD (B = 0.364, P = 0.27, 95% CI = −7.727 to −1.839)
Logistic regression analyses showed that high serum HDL-C, LDL-C (OR = 1.330, 95% CI = 1.079–1.640), small dense LDL-C (SDLDL-C) (OR = 1.007, 95% CI = 1.005–1.008), apolipoprotein A (APOA) (OR = 13.621, 95% CI = 7.251–25.591), apolipoprotein B (APOB) (OR = 2.243, 95% CI = 1.060–4.732), LPa (OR = 0.999, 95% CI = 0.998–1.00), and CHOL (OR = 1.131, 95% CI = 1.005–1.326) levels were significantly associated with Primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG)
Summary
Glaucoma is a multifactor-induced progressive optic neuropathy with obvious visual field defects, and is the most common irreversible blinding eye disease in the world [1, 2]. Identified risk factors include elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) [4], metabolic abnormalities [5], and family history of glaucoma [6]. Recent epidemiological studies have suggested that hyperlipidemia may be associated with glaucoma, but the findings are contradictory. Newman-Casey et al [7] found that people with hyperlipidemia had a lower risk of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) than those without hyperlipidemia. One study by Lin et al [8] showed that there was a positive correlation between hyperlipidemia and the development of glaucoma. Hyperlipidemia would increase the risk of glaucoma, and elevated lipid levels were considered to be a risk factor for increased IOP. The results of Yilmaz et al [9] suggested that the pathogenesis of different types of glaucoma may be related to changes in hyperlipidemia
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