Abstract
Model of study: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Objective: to evaluate the association between self-efficacy and socio-demographic and clinical variables in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: The sample was composed by 111 patients with T2DM in use of insulin, in primary health care units and outpatient setting in the southeast region of São Paulo state, Brazil. Sociodemographic data were gathered using validated questionnaire and clinical data were obtained from medical and health records. Self-efficacy was assessed by the Brazilian version of Insulin Management Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (IMDSES). The data were submitted to descriptive and comparative analyses using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis to verify association between socio-demographic/clinical variables and self-efficacy. Results: Self-efficacy was associated with schooling level and presence of comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, obesity, peripheral arterial disease and peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion: The findings provide support to the design some specifics interventions aimed at improving the selfefficacy of patients with T2DM on insulin use.
Highlights
347 million people are affected by diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide.[1]
We found a predominance of women (64.8%), whose mean age was of 58.2 (9.0) years old, with an average schooling of 6.1 (4.5) years of study, who lived with partners and/or other family members (90.9%)
The results showed higher Insulin Management Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (IMDSES) scores for the General subscale and for the total score, which indicate lower self-efficacy relating to self- care of diabetes (Table 2)
Summary
347 million people are affected by diabetes mellitus (DM) worldwide.[1] In Brazil, in 2013, it was estimated that just under 12 million in the age group of 20-79 years old were affected by DM and costs for their treatment and monitoring may reach 3.9 billion dollars a year to the government.[2,3]. The development of strategies to provide behavior change and adoption of healthy prac- tices (i.e., healthy food behavior, physical activity, selfmonitoring of blood glucose, meticulous foot care and adherence to medication) is essential to manage and control the disease.[4]. Sociodemographic characteristics have been observed to affect the severity of DM. Increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer and mortality are well stablished among patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).[6]
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