Abstract
ABSTRACT To describe the findings in the literature about the association between sarcopenic obesity, muscle strength and risk factors and/or cardiometabolic or cardiovascular diseases in the elderly. A research was carried out in the following databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online, Web of Science, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Latin America and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature) and Capes Journals, using the following search terms in English, Spanish and Portuguese: “obesity sarcopenic” OR “sarcopenic obesity” in the title AND “cardiometabolic disease” OR “cardiovascular disease” OR “metabolic syndrome” OR “insulin resistance” in the title/abstract AND “aged” in all fields of search with the variation of the “muscle strength” descriptor in all fields of this research. Articles were selected according to the following exclusion criteria: studies evaluating only sarcopenia and the risk of cardiometabolic/cardiovascular disease in the elderly, studies evaluating only obesity and the risk of cardiometabolic/cardiovascular disease in the elderly, studies that did not present the used method, studies in animals and studies that were not in Portuguese, English or Spanish. The researchers of the present study found a heterogeneity of methods for the identification of sarcopenic obesity, and a transversal cohort was used in most of the studies. It was possible to verify the association of sarcopenic obesity with risk factors and/or cardiometabolic or cardiovascular disease. Sarcopenic obesity is associated with risk factors and/or cardiometabolic or cardiovascular disease in the elderly. Establishing a robust definition of sarcopenic obesity in the elderly is necessary for further clinical studies and interventions.
Highlights
The aging process is characterized by biological changes, including changes in body composition
The 27 selected publications were imported into the START software, where the abstracts were read, and the articles were selected for full reading
According to the studies included in this systematic review, it was observed that Sarcopenic Obesity (SO) is a prevalent condition in the elderly, and this may change according to the assessment methods and cutoff points used for classification
Summary
The aging process is characterized by biological changes, including changes in body composition. Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in skeletal muscle, with reduction of FFM, muscle strength and physical performance [1,2]. This syndrome is related to the various damages to the health of the elderly, such as frailty, chronic diseases, functional disability and risk factors for the development of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), including Insulin Resistance (IR), arterial stiffness and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) [3,4]. Sarcopenia is one of the growing public health concerns in aging populations.
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