Abstract
Background/ObjectivesIncreased evidence suggests that metabolic syndrome (MetS) is correlated with lung function impairment. This study aimed to explore the associations between MetS risk factors and the lung function.Subjects/MethodsThe cross-sectional study included 6945 participants attending health examination between 2010 and 2012 in Taiwan. MetS was assessed according to the criteria of National Cholesterol Education Program III. Spirometric parameters were measured to define lung function. The relationships were tested using multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in males (16.2%) than females (3.8%). Although the prevalence of restrictive lung disease (RLD) was comparable between genders (20.7 and 21.0%), males with co-existent MetS had a higher prevalence of RLD than females (27.4 vs. 18.0%). Abdominal obesity, indicated by waist circumference (WC) and weight-to-height ratio (WHtR), was the most significant factor associated with lung function decline. Other components of MetS also showed statistically significant relationships, but very weak, with lung function. There was a trend toward an increased prevalence of RLD with the increasing number of MetS scores in males, independent of age, smoking, and body mass index.ConclusionsAbdominal obesity was the key component of MetS associated with mechanical effect on lung function impairment in a prime-age adult population. Although RLD was not associated with increased probability of having MetS, the participants with more MetS scores were at a higher risk of losing lung function.
Highlights
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases significantly along with obesity has become a pandemic
The prevalence of MetS was significantly higher in males than females
There was a trend toward an increased prevalence of restrictive lung disease (RLD) with the increasing number of MetS scores for males (Fig. 1a, from 17.8 to 27.4%), and the increasing ORs for RLD were independent of age, smoking, and Body mass index (BMI) (Fig. 1b)
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases significantly along with obesity has become a pandemic. Studies have shown that Asians seem to have a higher risk to develop MetS at a given level of obesity [1]. MetS, characterized by clustering of abdominal obesity, hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia [2], has been implicated as the contributing factors to the development of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes [3]. Recent studies showed that impaired pulmonary function is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality [4], correlated with smoking and the components of MetS including obesity [5], type 2 diabetes [6], and insulin resistance [7]. Positive relationships between impaired lung function and MetS have been shown in cross-sectional studies [8, 9].
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