Association Between Problematic Social Media Use and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in a Sample of Lebanese Adults.

Abstract

Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been recognized as a clinically diverse condition with elevated rates of comorbidities with other psychiatric conditions. The consequences of social media are gaining attention worldwide due to its rapidly increased use. The objective of this study was to identify an association between problematic social media use and ADHD in a Lebanese sample and determine whether depression or anxiety could be considered as mediators of this association.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and May 2019. Proportionate random-sampling techniques were applied on all Lebanese governorates, which resulted in the recruitment of 466 community-dwelling participants. Adult ADHD was identified using the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale.Results: Higher problematic social media use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.065) was significantly associated with higher odds of having ADHD. When anxiety was added as an independent variable, the results showed that higher anxiety (aOR = 1.043) was significantly associated with higher odds of ADHD. Anxiety mediated the association between problematic social media use and ADHD by 26.75%.Conclusions: A clear correlation was demonstrated in this study linking problematic social media use to anxiety and ADHD symptoms. This correlation was explained by the finding that constant stimulation provided by the social network sites significantly decreased attention. Future studies should evaluate the possible mechanisms and methods to increase awareness of problematic social media use, especially among the younger generation.