Abstract
There is little evidence that acute exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) impacts the rate of hospitalization for congestive heart failure (CHF) in developing countries. The primary purpose of the present retrospective study was to evaluate the short-term association between ambient PM2.5 and hospitalization for CHF in Beijing, China. A total of 15,256 hospital admissions for CHF from January 2010 to June 2012 were identified from Beijing Medical Claim Data for Employees and a time-series design with generalized additive Poisson model was used to assess the obtained data. We found a clear significant exposure response association between PM2.5 and the number of hospitalizations for CHF. Increasing PM2.5 daily concentrations by 10 μg/m3 caused a 0.35% (95% CI, 0.06–0.64%) increase in the number of CHF admissions on the same day. We also found that female and older patients were more susceptible to PM2.5. These associations remained significant in sensitivity analyses involving changing the degrees of freedom of calendar time, temperature, and relative humidity. PM2.5 was associated with significantly increased risk of hospitalization for CHF in this citywide study. These findings may contribute to the limited scientific evidence about the acute impacts of PM2.5 on CHF in China.
Highlights
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a serious public concern because of its poor prognosis [1] and considerable economic impact on health services, given that it affected 40.0 million people worldwide in 2015 [2]
Epidemiological studies from developed countries have extensively reported that acute exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) has a close temporal association with hospitalization for and mortality from CHF [3,4,5], especially in patients with histories of diabetes [6] and hypertension [7]
From 1 January 2010 to 30 June 2012, we identified 15,256 hospitalizations for CHF, 79.0% of which were of patients aged ≥65 years and 55.9% were male patients
Summary
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a serious public concern because of its poor prognosis [1] and considerable economic impact on health services, given that it affected 40.0 million people worldwide in 2015 [2]. Epidemiological studies from developed countries have extensively reported that acute exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) has a close temporal association with hospitalization for and mortality from CHF [3,4,5], especially in patients with histories of diabetes [6] and hypertension [7]. A meta-analysis published in 2013 reported that increasing PM2.5 daily concentrations by a unit of. In the USA, reduction of average concentrations of daily PM2.5 by 3.9 μg/m3 would reportedly decrease the number of hospitalizations for CHF by almost 8000 and save around 300 million dollars in related healthcare costs annually [5]. Air pollution is known to be more severe in developing and low- and middle-income countries, and geographical and temporal differences are known to exist in the effects of PM2.5 [8]
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