Abstract
BackgroundLeptin can have a direct effect on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and high level of leptin is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the relationship between leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio and the extent and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).MethodsThis case-control study was conducted in an educational hospital in Ilam, Iran from June 2014 to September 2015. Totally 300 participants including 150 patients with CAD (case group) and 150 healthy individuals (control group) were selected and their plasma leptin, adiponectin and leptin/adiponectin ratio was measured. The extent and severity of coronary artery disease were assayed based on the number of involved vessels and Gensini score (GS) and the relation between scores and L/A findings were compared between cases and controls.ResultsTotally, 300 participants including 150 (42.7% male), mean age 59.5 ± 11.4 years as cases and 150 (50.7% male), mean age 59.8 ± 10.7 as controls were analyzed. Plasma level of leptin and L/A ratio were higher in cases compared to controls, but level of adiponectin was significantly lower in CAD patients than the control group. More number of involved coronary vessels was significantly correlated to higher level of plasma leptin, L/A ratio and lower level of adiponectin among case group. Moreover, adiponectin was negatively and leptin or L/A ratio were positively correlated with number of involved vessels. 7.3% of cases had only one involved vessel, 42.7% had two involved vessels, and 50% of total patients had involved vessels and the mean ± SD of GS in the case group was 23.6 ± 6.9.ConclusionsPlasma levels of leptin, and adiponectin can indicate the extent of coronary artery diseases but leptin may be a better marker of extent of CAD than either L/A ratio or adiponectin separately.
Highlights
Leptin can have a direct effect on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells [8] and a high level of leptin is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [9]
The angiographic evaluations of patients showed that 7.3% of cases had only one involved vessel, 42.7% had two involved vessels, and 50% of total patients had involved vessels and the mean ± Standard deviation (SD) of Gensini score in the case group was 23.6 ± 6.9
The current study investigated any relationship between the leptin, adiponectin and L/A ratio and the extent or severity of coronary artery disease based on the number of involved vessels and Gensini score (GS), and this was the first study in this field
Summary
Leptin can have a direct effect on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and high level of leptin is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to determine the relationship between leptin/adiponectin (L/A) ratio and the extent and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). Leptin can have a direct effect on endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells [8] and a high level of leptin is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [9]. The plasma L/A ratio may be a more appropriate indicator for predicting the risk of CAD compared to leptin or adiponectin serum level alone [17, 18]. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the leptin and L/A ratio indices and the severity and extent of coronary artery disease using angiography and GS
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