Abstract
BackgroundThe adipokine adipsin contributes to insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and obesity, which are all regarded as high-risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to uncover the role of adipsin in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population with early cognitive dysfunction and determine whether adipsin contributes to diabetic MCI caused by IR.MethodsIn our study, 126 patients with T2DM were enrolled. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess cognitive impairment. Demographic data and neuropsychological test results were evaluated. Plasma adipsin level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe MCI group (n = 57) presented higher plasma adipsin levels compared with the healthy controls (p = 0.018). After adjustment for educational attainment, and age, begative correlations were found between plasma adipsin levels and MoCA, Mini Mental State Exam, and Verbal Fluency Test scores(r = − 0.640, p < 0.001; r = − 0.612, p < 0.001; r = − 0.288, p = 0.035; respectively). Correlation analysis demonstrated that adipsin levels were significantly positively correlated with fasting C-peptide; homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = 0.368, p < 0.001; r = 0.494, p < 0.001; respectively). Multivariable regression analysis further indicated that high plasma adipsin level was a significant independent determinant of MCI in the Chinese population withT2DM (p = 0.017).ConclusionsElevated plasma adipsin level was associated with MCI in Chinese T2DM patients. Further large-scale studies should be designed to determine whether adipsin is linked to IR-associated susceptibility to early cognitive decline in T2DM patients.
Highlights
The adipokine adipsin contributes to insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and obesity, which are all regarded as high-risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Accumulated evidence has suggested that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is usually accompanied by profound IR; IR abnormalities participate in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related early cognitive dysfunction and contribute to the progression of MCI to AD [11]
The two groups well matched in terms of age, sex, educational attainment, smoking, drinking, hypertension, insulin use and duration of diabetes
Summary
The adipokine adipsin contributes to insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and obesity, which are all regarded as high-risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to uncover the role of adipsin in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population with early cognitive dysfunction and determine whether adipsin contributes to diabetic MCI caused by IR. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is expected to affect 552 million people worldwide by 2030 according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) [1]. Accumulated evidence has suggested that AD is usually accompanied by profound IR; IR abnormalities participate in the occurrence of T2DM-related early cognitive dysfunction and contribute to the progression of MCI to AD [11]. The precise mechanisms about diabetic MCI caused by IR remain uncertain
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