Association between periodontal condition and subgingival microbiota in women during pregnancy: a longitudinal study

Priscila Viola Borgo,Karla Correa Barcelos Xavier,Mario Julio Avila-Campos,Viviane Aparecida Arenas Rodrigues,Alfredo Carlos Rodrigues Feitosa

doi:10.1590/1678-775720140164

Abstract

Objectivo In this study, the gingival conditions and the quantitative detection for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in pregnant women were determined.Material and Methods Quantitative determinations of periodontal bacteria by using a SyBr green system in women during pregnancy were performed. Women at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy and non-pregnant women were included in this study. A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed in high numbers in women at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy with a significant difference (p<0.05). F. nucleatum and P. intermedia were also observed in high levels.Results and Conclusion Our results show that pregnant women are more susceptible to gingivitis, and the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans in subgingival biofilm might be taken into account for the treatment of periodontal disease.

Highlights

Periodontal diseases are chronic polymicrobial infections determined by the interaction between microorganisms and immune, environmental, behavioral and/or hereditary factors, causing an LQÀDPPDWRU\UHVSRQVHRIWKHSHULRGRQWDOWLVVXHV14,18
The pathogenesis of periodontal disease is a result of the accumulation of bacterial species in VXEJLQJLYDOELR¿OPSDUWLFXODUO\E\JUDPQHJDWLYH anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Campylobacter rectus7
The periodontal diseases have been implicated as risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as prematurity and low birth weight11,12, as well as the presence of different periodontal bacteria, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. nigrescens, and C. rectus in oral microbiota from pregnant women10,20

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Periodontal diseases are chronic polymicrobial infections determined by the interaction between microorganisms and immune, environmental, behavioral and/or hereditary factors, causing an LQÀDPPDWRU\UHVSRQVHRIWKHSHULRGRQWDOWLVVXHV14,18. This disease affects individuals of different ages and it is characterized by a chronic tissue-destructive LQÀDPPDWLRQDQGGHQWDODWWDFKPHQWORVV. The pathogenesis of periodontal disease is a result of the accumulation of bacterial species in VXEJLQJLYDOELR¿OPSDUWLFXODUO\E\JUDPQHJDWLYH anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigrescens, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Campylobacter rectus. The periodontal diseases have been implicated as risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as prematurity and low birth weight, as well as the presence of different periodontal bacteria, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. nigrescens, and C. rectus in oral microbiota from pregnant women. We hypothesized that there is a possible association between the periodontal condition and periodontal bacteria in women at the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy, and it was evaluated

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION