Association between osteoporosis and sleep duration in healthy middle-aged and elderly adults: a large-scale, cross-sectional study in Japan

Abstract

This study aims to explore the association between osteoporosis and nightly sleep duration among adult outpatients. This is a large-scale, retrospective cross-sectional study. The setting was in a preventive medicine health center at a general community hospital in Tokyo, Japan. There were 19,321 healthy individuals (≥50years old) who underwent annual general health checkup between January and December 2008. The participants were divided into four groups according to their self-reported average nightly sleep duration (<6, 6-6.9, 7-7.9, and >8h). Radial bone mineral density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and T-score was compared to young adult mean to diagnose osteoporosis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the association between sleep duration and osteoporosis. The mean age of the participants was 60.9years (standard deviation [SD], 7.9) and 48.0% were female. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 8.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.6-8.4%). Those with sleep duration of >8h were more likely to have osteoporosis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.06-1.73) than those with short sleep duration (<6h). Those individuals with self-reported sleep duration of more than 8h (long sleepers) appear to have higher odds of osteoporosis compared to the progressively shorter sleepers.