Abstract
Background and objectives: Little is known about the effect of osteoporosis on cognitive function in the acute and recovery phases of stroke. Early bone mineral density assessments during acute stroke may be a useful marker of cognitive function. We evaluated the effect of osteoporosis on cognitive function at the early and recovery phase of ischemic stroke in patients aged >50 years. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively examined consecutive patients with acute stroke hospitalized between 2016 and 2018. Osteoporosis was defined as a T-score <–2.5 for the femoral neck or lumbar spine bone mineral density. The primary outcome was cognitive impairment measured by the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination in the acute phase and recovery phase of ischemic stroke. Results: Of the 260 included subjects (107 men and 153 women), 70 (26.9%) had osteoporosis. Cognitive impairment was more severe in the osteoporosis group than in the non-osteoporosis group (30.5% versus 47.1%, p = 0.001). After the recovery phase of stroke, the proportion of patients with cognitive impairment remained higher in the osteoporosis group. The multivariate analysis revealed a correlation between a low femoral neck bone mineral density and severe cognitive impairment in the acute and recovery phases of stroke (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 4.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–15.14 in the acute phase, and adjusted OR 11.17, 95% CI 1.12–110.98 in the recovery phase). Conclusions: Low bone mineral density is associated with poor cognitive function in the acute and recovery phases of stroke.
Highlights
Several studies have investigated the relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD) and ischemic stroke, and have shown that low BMD represents a potential risk factor for stroke and affects the long-term outcome of ischemic stroke [1–4]
The baseline clinical characteristics stratified by the BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine are shown in Table 1, as well as Tables S2 and S3
Osteoporosis of the femoral neck was associated with a severe cognitive impairment, whereas osteoporosis of the lumbar spine was not associated with cognitive impairment
Summary
Several studies have investigated the relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD) and ischemic stroke, and have shown that low BMD represents a potential risk factor for stroke and affects the long-term outcome of ischemic stroke [1–4]. Little is known about the effect of osteoporosis on cognitive function in the acute and recovery phases of stroke. Bone mineral density assessments during acute stroke may be a useful marker of cognitive function. We evaluated the effect of osteoporosis on cognitive function at the early and recovery phase of ischemic stroke in patients aged. The primary outcome was cognitive impairment measured by the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination in the acute phase and recovery phase of ischemic stroke. Results: Of the 260 included subjects (107 men and 153 women), 70 (26.9%) had osteoporosis
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