Association between oral lichen planus and hepatitis C: retrospective study and case report

Camila Strada Da Silva,Helder Fernando Borges Junior,Elen De Souza Tolentino,Vanessa Cristina Veltrini,Lilian Cristina Vessoni Iwaki,Willian Pecin Jacomacci

doi:10.4025/actascihealthsci.v39i1.27018

Camila Strada Da Silva, Helder Fernando Borges Junior + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.4025/actascihealthsci.v39i1.27018

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Abstract

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, which affects the skin and/or mucosal tissues, is an autoimmune disease (pathology) of special interest to dentists due to its oral manifestations and its possible association with Hepatitis C virus (HCV). Although a possible association has been extensively discussed in the literature, the results have been controversial. So that the relationship between Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) and infection by HCV (OLP-HCV) may be investigated, current study conducted an epidemiological survey of all OLP cases diagnosed in two reference projects, with regard to diagnosis, treatment and epidemiology of oral lesions in Maringa, Parana, Brazil. In addition, the clinical case of a patient with HCV and the clinical manifestation of severe OLP will be provided. A total of 3,488 clinical records of biopsies performed between 1994 and 2014 and 85 cases of OLP were selected for the present study. The reticular type of OLP showed significant prevalence but only 2.3% of OLP cases revealed any association with HCV.

Highlights

Lichen Planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory and immunological disease which affects the mucosa and epidermis, where auto-antibodies are directed against the basal layer of the epithelium, causing lesions with several clinical aspects (Lodi et al, 2005)
85 (2.4%) were charts of patients who had some type of Oral Lichen Planus (OLP)
With reference to the types of Lichen Planus, 65 (76.5%) patients were affected by the reticular type (p < 0.001); 12 (14.1%) by the erosive type; six (7%) by the reticular/erosive type; one (1.2%) by the papular type (1.2%) and one (1.2%) by the bullous type (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

Lichen Planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory and immunological disease which affects the mucosa and epidermis, where auto-antibodies are directed against the basal layer of the epithelium, causing lesions with several clinical aspects (Lodi et al, 2005). Many patients affected by Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) are middle-aged adults (Gümrü, 2013; Budimir et al, 2014). The reticular form, characterized by interlaced white lines, known as Wickham striae, is the most common. In most cases, this form of OLP affects the posterior jugal mucosa bilaterally and is generally asymptomatic.

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