Association Between Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Heart Failure Risk Following Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between omega-3 fatty acid intake and the risk of heart failure among 180 patients with myocardial infarction. The patients were divided into high, moderate, and low omega-3 groups based on their dietary habits. We examined clinical outcomes, survival rates, and biomarkers associated with cardiac health. We found that administration of a high dose of omega-3 fatty acid was associated with a significantly decreased risk of heart failure. The high omega-3 group (> 1,500 mg/day) exhibited a lower incidence of heart failure and higher survival rates than the moderate (800–1,500 mg/day) and low (< 800 mg/day) groups. Furthermore, the high omega-3 group exhibited improved cardiac function, as assessed using biomarkers, lower incidence of rehospitalizations, and shorter hospital stays. Subgroup analyses revealed that the protective effects of omega-3 fatty acids were consistent across different age groups, sexes, and smoking statuses. The observed improvements in lipid profiles and reduced levels of inflammation provided possible mechanisms for the cardioprotective effects of omega-3 fatty acids. This study demonstrated the potential of omega-3 fatty acids in reducing heart failure risk following myocardial infarction and supported their inclusion in preventive cardiovascular strategies.