Abstract
Obesity contributes to reduced kidney function; however, whether this is due to obesity itself or the metabolic abnormalities that accompany it is unclear. Besides, most previous studies enrolled participants with moderate or severe stage of chronic kidney disease. In the present study, we aim to investigate the possible relationship between obesity, metabolic abnormalities and mildly reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). A total of 11,127 Chinese participants (age ≥ 35 years) were enrolled in a survey conducted from January 2012 to August 2013. eGFR 60–90 mL/min/1.73 m2 was defined as mildly reduced eGFR. Obese phenotype was divided into four types: metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically abnormal non-obese (MANO) and metabolically abnormal obese (MAO). Among all participants, 1941 (17.4%) of them had mildly reduced eGFR (16.7% for men and 18.1% for women, p = 0.025). The prevalence of obese phenotype was 22.5% for MHNO, 9.1% for MHO, 32.1% for MANO and 36.4% for MAO. The prevalence of mildly reduced eGFR was 9.0% among MHNO, 7.0% among MHO, 22.6% among MANO and 20.7% among MAO (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that obese phenotype did not statically contributed to mildly reduced eGFR (MHO: OR = 1.107, p = 0.662; MANO: OR = 0.800, p = 0.127; MAO: OR = 1.119, p = 0.525). However, gender (OR = 1.475, p < 0.001), aging (OR = 1.283, p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (OR = 1.544, 95%CI: 1.315, 1.814, p < 0.001) and hyperglycemia (OR = 1.247, 95%CI: 1.068, 1.455, p = 0.005) was associated with increased risk of mild reduced eGFR. Among the general population from rural Northeast China, mildly reduced eGFR was associated with metabolic disorders like dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, but not obesity.
Highlights
Previous studies showed that overweight and obesity were associated with higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1,2,3]
A marked difference was not observed in FBG and creatinine between metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO) and metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between MHNO and MHO and between metabolically abnormal non-obese (MANO) and metabolically abnormal obese (MAO)
No significant association was confirmed between the obese phenotype and mildly reduced eGFR
Summary
Previous studies showed that overweight and obesity were associated with higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1,2,3]. Some of them used body mass index to define overweight or obesity while others used waist circumference or waist-to-hip ratio [2]. Regardless of the differences of definition, they all came to the same conclusion that increasing obese measurement was associated with a reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for both men and women [2,3]. Most of the previous study defined CKD as eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2. There is lack of data about the relationship between obese phenotype and mildly reduced eGFR among the general population, especially from rural areas. Public Health 2016, 13, 540; doi:10.3390/ijerph13060540 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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