Abstract
BackgroundIt is well known that approximately 20% of patients who undergo cardiac surgery experience weight loss in postoperative period. However, there is a lack of data on postoperative consequences of malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Material and methodsA total of 586 patients who underwent isolated CABG in our center between January 2015 and March 2016 were included in this study. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) defined as a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. Patients were divided into two groups based on their MACCE outcomes. Prognostic nutritional index (PNI), geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), and controlling nutritional status (CONUT) scores were used to show the nutritional status.ResultsThe mean follow-up time of the whole study group was 38.08 ± 13.4 months. The follow-up time was 39 ± 13 months in patients with mortality, while it was 20 ± 15 months in those without mortality. The PNI and GNRI values were lower in patients with major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) compared to patients without MACCE. The median CONUT score was higher in patients with MACCE.ConclusionOur study showed that nutritional indices including PNI, CONUT, and GNRI were associated with long-term MACCE and mortality in patients who underwent isolated CABG. The use of these scores in order to predict prognosis in patients treated with CABG seems to be an applicable method in clinical practice.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide
The Prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) values were lower in patients with major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) compared to patients without MACCE
Our study showed that nutritional indices including PNI, controlling nutritional status (CONUT), and GNRI were associated with long-term MACCE and mortality in patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Coronary artery disease (CAD) takes the lead in this group of diseases [1]. With regard to the treatment of CAD, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) emerged as a convenient treatment modality together with medical therapies and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Despite the improvements in percutaneous techniques, CABG still remains the preferred method over PCI especially in diabetic patients with multiple vessels or left main coronary artery disease [2]. The stress response to surgery and other comorbid conditions are underlying factors that provoke weight loss and contribute to the state of malnutrition [3]. It is well known that approximately 20% of patients who undergo cardiac surgery experience weight loss in postoperative period. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nutritional status and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
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