Abstract
Background: Dental caries (DC) are more prevalent in individuals with diabetes than in healthy individuals. However, the association between glycaemic control and DC has not been well characterized in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We therefore assessed the association between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) serum concentrations and the prevalence of DC in patients with T2DM.Methods: Retrospective analyses of data pertaining to 108 Japanese patients with T2DM hospitalized because of poor or worsened glycaemic control were included. We divided the patients based on HbA1c into two groups: HbA1c level ≥75 mmol/mol (9.0%) as poorly controlled T2DM, and HbA1c level <75 mmol/mol (9.0%) as a control group. We compared the association of lifestyle factors, dental caries, and periodontal health between patients with poorly controlled T2DM and controls. Stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between HbA1c, the absolute number of decayed teeth (DT), the sum of decayed, missing, and filled teeth, and the Met Need Index (MNI).Results: DT was higher and MNI was lower in patients with poorly controlled T2DM as compared to that in controls (P = 0.006 and P = 0.004, respectively). Multiple regression analyses revealed a significant association between HbA1c levels and DT (adjusted β = 0.039, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.005 to 0.072, P = 0.025) and the MNI (adjusted β = −0.216, 95% CI −0.374 to −0.058, P = 0.008).Conclusions: DT and MNI were associated with HbA1c in T2DM patients.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by impaired glycaemic control
The ratio of participants with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the control group was well balanced with regard to age, body mass index (BMI), duration of DM, and all categorical variables
The main objective of this study was to assess whether poor glycaemic control is associated with the prevalence of Dental caries (DC) in T2DM patients
Summary
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by impaired glycaemic control. Periodontal disease-related tooth loss is significantly increased in DM patients relative to that in non-diabetic patients [6]. Available evidence on the association between DM and DC emanates largely from studies conducted in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. No studies have compared the association of glycaemic control and DC in patients with well- or moderately controlled T2DM and poorly controlled T2DM. The aim of this study was to determine whether higher glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are associated with a greater incidence of DC in poorly controlled T2DM patients as compared to that in well- or moderately controlled T2DM patients. We hypothesized that: 1) poorly controlled T2DM patients have higher numbers of decayed, missing, or filled teeth than would well- or moderately controlled T2DM patients; and 2) that the total number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth and the Met Need Index (MNI; an indication for treatment) are associated with the serum concentrations of HbA1c after adjusting for confounders in a multiple regression model
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