Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Assess the association between nonnutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite in the deciduous dentition of Japanese-Brazilian children. METHODS: 410 children of Japanese origin were assessed, 206 boys and 204 girls, between 2 and 6 years of age, in schools in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Questionnaires concerning their nonnutritive sucking habits were sent to their legal guardians. Chi-square tests (p<0.05) were applied to assess the association between nonnutritive sucking habits and anterior open bite, and the logistic regression test to obtain the relative risk. RESULTS: The prevalence of sucking habits found in the sample was of 44.6% and for the anterior open bite, 4.4%. There was a statistically significant association between anterior open bite and sucking habits (O.R.=10.77), persistence of sucking habits from 2 to 4 years old (O.R.=22.06), and the persistence of sucking habits from 4 to 6 years old (O.R.=17.31). As for the interruption period of the habit, the group that had interrupted the habit for a period equal or inferior to six months showed an increased prevalence of open bite compared to the group without this habit or in which the habit was interrupted for more than six months. CONCLUSION: Japanese-Brazilian children that had sucking habits have greater chance of acquiring anterior open bite in the deciduous dentition.
Highlights
It was verified that the anterior open bite presented a similar prevalence between the Control Group (CG) and Subgroup 1 (SG1), including the children who kept the sucking habit up to 2 years old
CG tablE 6 - Analysis of the statistic significance according to Chi-square (X2) and the logistic regression (O.R.), for the comparison among the subgroups 1, 2, 3 and control group as to the presence of anterior open bite related to the age of finger/pacifier sucking habit in children of both genders
TablE 8 - analysis of the statistic significance according to Chisquare (X2) and the logistic regression (O.R.), for the comparison between the subgroups a and b and Control Group as to the prevalence of anterior open bite related to the period of finger/pacifier sucking habit in children of both genders
Summary
This survey was developed in conformity with rules and standards under the Committee for Ethics in Scientific Researches of São Paulo University and before the beginning of the study a written consent form was obtained from the legal guardians. 410 Japanese-Brazilian children were assessed, 206 boys and 204 girls, from 2 to 6 years of age. The total sample (410 children) was subdivided into a Control Group (CG) and an Experimental Group (EG). The Experimental Group was composed of 183 children that had one or more sucking habit, either at the moment of the clinical assessment or sometime in the past. TablE 1 - Distribution in number (n) and percentage (%) of the assessed sample according to gender in the Control and Experimental Groups
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