Abstract
Migraine and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are common medical disorders that often co-occur. Various hypotheses have suggested that the co-occurrence of these distinct disorders could be related to shared genetic, neurobiological, or environmental factors. In this article, we review the available evidence regarding hypotheses concerning the possible causal roots of the frequently observed RLS/migraine association. We found only one study that implicated genetic mechanisms as potential causal factors. In addition, the dopamine theory appears to be overly simplistic. However, the roles of sleep disturbance and obesity have not been systematically investigated. Thus, it is suggested that these two factors be investigated further for a better understanding of their possible role in the pathophysiology of migraine and RLS. Elucidation of these issues would make an important contribution to methods of therapy and could potentially reduce the burden imposed by these disorders.
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