Abstract
SummaryThis study examined the association between metabolic syndrome and osteoporosis among middle-aged and elderly Taiwanese participants. After controlling for body mass index, age, liver and renal functions, and nutrition and exercise statuses, we found no significant association between MS and osteoporosis in either gender.PurposeThe term metabolic syndrome (MS) encompasses different abnormalities with independent effects on bone metabolism, which has led to inconsistencies in the association between MS and osteoporosis. This study evaluated this association among middle-aged and elderly Taiwanese participants by adjusting relevant covariates.MethodsWe enrolled 2007 participants (1045 men and 962 women) older than 50 years, who underwent a health examination at a preventive examination agency in urban Taiwan. We studied age, gender, diabetes mellitus and hypertension histories, smoking and exercise statuses, metabolic and nutrition indices, and liver and renal function profiles. We conducted multiple logistic regression analyses to examine the association between MS and osteoporosis by categorizing participants in terms of gender and body mass index (BMI).ResultsOverall, men with osteoporosis were less likely to have MS, and displayed fewer MS components than men without osteoporosis; but we found no significant associations between MS, or its components, and osteoporosis in women. After forming two groups according to BMI and adjusting for covariates, we found no association between MS and osteoporosis in any group. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that regular exercise had a negative association with osteoporosis in the low BMI group for men (OR, 0.365; p = 0.008).ConclusionsAfter BMI stratification and adjustments for age, nutrition status, liver and renal functions, and exercise status, we found no significant association between MS and osteoporosis in either gender. Regular exercise may prevent osteoporosis, particularly in men with a lean body mass.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is one of the most common metabolic diseases leading to the development of fractures and subsequentMetabolic syndrome (MS) is a highly prevalent condition worldwide, including in Taiwan
Our results suggest that men with osteoporosis are less likely to practice regular exercise (p = 0.008) and suffer from hypertension (p = 0.011)
We found age to be positively associated with osteoporosis in the men of the low body mass index (BMI) group (OR, 1.054; 95% CI, 1.004–1.106; p = 0.033), and in the women of both BMI groups
Summary
Osteoporosis is one of the most common metabolic diseases leading to the development of fractures and subsequent. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a highly prevalent condition worldwide, including in Taiwan. A national survey in Taiwan set the local prevalence at 19.7% in 2007 [5]. MS combines metabolic alterations including abdominal obesity, altered glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This leads to higher morbidity and mortality rates in those affected, and to the development of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes 48 Page 2 of 7. The broadly documented vascular harm caused by it and recent studies has shown that MS may have a role in the development of osteoporosis [9,10,11,12]
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