Association between metabolic syndrome and knee osteoarthritis

Abstract

Introduction: The inflammatory process underlies either osteoarthritis (OA) or metabolic syndrome. Systemic inflammation that occurs in the metabolic syndrome will result in the production of inflammatory cytokines and activation of macrophages and chondrocytes. This can affect the entire body including joints and the surrounding tissues, causing OA. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DMT2) and hypertension are the first and second most common metabolic syndrome components found in OA patients. This study aimed to determine the relationship between metabolic syndrome and knee OA in DMT2 patients with hypertension. Methods: By using an analytic observational method and cross-sectional design, this study involved the medical records of patients with DMT2. The sample consisted of 50 medical records selected by using the purposive sampling technique and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: This study involved 25 medical records of patients with and without knee (genu) OA. The characteristics of the sample were as follows: 1 medical record of patient aged 36-45 years, 18 medical records of patients aged 46-55 years, 16 medical records of patients aged 56-65 years, 15 medical records of patients aged > 65 years, 21 medical records of male patients, 29 medical records of female patients, 27 medical records with metabolic syndrome, and 23 medical records without metabolic syndrome. The association between metabolic syndrome and knee (genu) OA was analyzed by using the Chi-Square Test using the SPSS application, where the results showed a significance value of p < 0.05 (p = 0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that there is a significant association between metabolic syndrome and knee (genu) OA.