Association between metabolic syndrome and atherothrombotic stroke: a clinical study in tertiary care hospital, Minia, Egypt

Amal T Khafagy,Nashwa M Shawky,Mohamed A Yehia,Mohamed M Abdelkader,Nermin A Hamdy,Enas M Hassan,Muhammad M Ismail

doi:10.1186/s41983-019-0099-2

Abstract

BackgroundStroke is the most common reason for disability and the third cause of mortality in the world per year. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known as an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease and stroke.Aim of the workTo investigate the relationship between metabolic syndrome and risk of ischemic stroke, whether stroke patients with metabolic syndrome differ from other ischemic stroke patients in demographic variables, stroke presentation, stroke severity, neuroimaging, and prognosis.Patients and methodsThis is a hospital-based, prospective observational study. The study population constituted of patients with first-ever atherothrombotic ischemic stroke who were admitted to the neurology department within 6 months (between January 1st, 2016 and July 1st, 2016). Patients were subjected to full neurological examination, assessment of stroke severity using National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), screening for MetS components, brain imaging, transthoracic echocardiography, and carotid duplex.ResultsMetS was of higher frequency in atherothrombotic stroke patients compared to previous studies, more in females and older age. MetS with diabetes mellitus (DM) patients had the worst clinical presentation and the worst in-hospital outcome. High high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was the predictor for worse clinical presentation.ConclusionThe higher the number of MetS components, the higher the risk of ischemic stroke. High HDL-C was the predictor for worse clinical presentation. Thus, diagnosing and adequately managing MetS is an important step in preventing cerebrovascular disease.

Highlights

Stroke is defined as an “acute neurologic dysfunction of vascular origin with symptoms and signs corresponding to the involvement of focal areas in the brain” [1]
High high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was the predictor for worse clinical presentation
The frequency of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) with diabetes mellitus (DM) was significantly higher in female patients, while most of patients suffering from DM without MetS were males

Summary

Introduction

Stroke is defined as an “acute neurologic dysfunction of vascular origin with symptoms and signs corresponding to the involvement of focal areas in the brain” [1]. Stroke is the most common reason of the disability that affects more than 700,000 individuals and the third cause of death in the world per year [2]. 45% of ischemic strokes are caused by small or large artery. Atherothromboticischemic stroke risk factors include arterial hypertension, DM, dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, oldness, and male gender [4]. Patients with MetS are at two- to fourfold increased risk of stroke [5, 6]. Stroke is the most common reason for disability and the third cause of mortality in the world per year. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is known as an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease and stroke

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