Association between lifestyle factors and decreased kidney function in older adults: a community-based cross-sectional analysis of the Taipei City elderly health examination database

Horng-Jinh Chang,Kuan-Reng Lin,Meng-Te Lin,Junn-Liang Chang

doi:10.1186/s12882-020-01838-1

Horng-Jinh Chang, Kuan-Reng Lin + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-020-01838-1

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Abstract

BackgroundImpaired kidney function is the hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in the elderly. In the present cross-sectional population-based study, we aimed to evaluate the associations between lifestyle factors (exercise habit, alcohol consumption, smoking history, and betel nut chewing) and decreased kidney function.MethodsThe data from the Taipei City Elderly Health Examination Database (2006 to 2012) were extracted. Associations between risk factors and reduced estimated Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were evaluated by regression and stratification analyses.ResultsA total of 297,603 participants were included in the final analysis, and 29.7% of them had reduced eGFR. Smoking was significantly associated with an elevated risk of reduced eGFR. While, physical exercise conferred to a significantly decreased adjusted odds ratio (aOR) in reduced eGFR (regular exercise, aOR = 0.79; occasional exercise, aOR = 0.87). Furthermore, the protective effect of exercise habit against reduced eGFR was not affected by comorbid conditions, such as hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.ConclusionsEngaging in physical exercise was beneficially associated with reduced eGFR in older individuals. Longitudinal or prospective studies are warranted for confirmation and extrapolation of the current findings.

Highlights

Impaired kidney function is the hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in the elderly
It has been shown that lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria are associated with higher prevalence and incidence of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVDassociated mortality, and all-cause mortality in the elderly [7,8,9,10,11]
The present study found that smoking was associated with increased odds of an impaired eGFR, while physical exercise was favorable for kidney function

Summary

Introduction

Impaired kidney function is the hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in the elderly. A Korean National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey study indicated that the CKD prevalence rates were 3.5 and 2.4% in male and female adults, respectively, in 2013 in South Korea [3]. According to a large-scale National Health and Nutrition Evaluation Survey study in the US, the CKD prevalence is 46.8% in elderly people aged over 70 years, which is much higher than that in younger individuals [5]. It has been shown that lower eGFR and albuminuria are associated with higher prevalence and incidence of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVDassociated mortality, and all-cause mortality in the elderly [7,8,9,10,11]. CVD itself and its risk factors, including diabetes, obesity and hypertension, are associated with the incidence and progression of CKD [12]

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