Abstract
BackgroundMost of the literature has shown a direct association between adiposity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and an inverse association with adiponectin. The aim of this paper was to assess the association of obesity measurements and IL-6, CRP and adiponectin. MethodsWe performed cross-sectional/longitudinal analysis in the 1993 Birth Cohort in Brazil. Associations between IL-6 (pg/mL), CRP (mg/L) and adiponectin (µg/Ml) with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), percentage total fat mass (FM) (BODPOD) and trunk FM (DXA) were verified. Four trajectory variables were generated: (a) highest tertile/obesity according to BMI in both follow-ups; (b) highest tertile/obesity only at 18 years; (c) highest tertile/obesity only at 22 years; (d) not in the highest tertile/not obese at both ages. ResultsWe found a direct association for IL-6 and CRP and an inverse association for adiponectin with measures of adiposity. For instance, for females, the highest mean IL-6 and CRP, respectively, was for those who had been in the obese category at 18–22 years (2.49; 3.75), in the highest tertile of WC (2.11; 3.08), in the highest % of FM (1.56; 3.30 l), and in the highest tertile of trunk FM (2.07; 3.26) (p < 0.001 for all these results in the adjusted analysis). Adiponectin showed an inverse association for the above variables, with lower mean values for males than females. ConclusionThere was a longitudinal and direct association between adiposity and IL-6 and CRP, and an inverse association with adiponectin at 22 years.
Highlights
Obesity during childhood and adolescence has been associated with several related morbidities in adult life, such as diabetes, coronary heart disease and some types of cancer [1]
IL-6 was measured by the Quantikine® HS Human IL-6 immunoassay kit (R&D Systems®, Inc.; Minneapolis, MN55413, USA); Creactive protein (CRP) was measured by immunoturdimetric assay (Labtest Diagnóstica SA, Minas Gerais, Brazil) and adiponectin was assayed with the ELISA Quantikine Human Total Adiponectin Immunoassay kit (R&D Systems, Inc., Minneapolis, USA); intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 9.1% and 13.2%, respectively
The present analysis includes all participants who had measurements of IL-6, CRP and/or adiponectin at 18 and/or 22 years; IL-6 and CRP have been transformed in logarithm due to its asymmetric distribution and the results reported as exponential mean with its standard error (SE); adiponectin had a normal distribution and was analyzed in its original unit and reported as mean and SE
Summary
Obesity during childhood and adolescence has been associated with several related morbidities in adult life, such as diabetes, coronary heart disease and some types of cancer [1]. Most of the literature has shown a direct association between adiposity, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Creactive protein (CRP), and an inverse association with adiponectin. Results: We found a direct association for IL-6 and CRP and an inverse association for adiponectin with measures of adiposity. For females, the highest mean IL-6 and CRP, respectively, was for those who had been in the obese category at 18–22 years (2.49; 3.75), in the highest tertile of WC (2.11; 3.08), in the highest % of FM (1.56; 3.30 l), and in the highest tertile of trunk FM (2.07; 3.26) (p < 0.001 for all these results in the adjusted analysis). Conclusion: There was a longitudinal and direct association between adiposity and IL-6 and CRP, and an inverse association with adiponectin at 22 years
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