Association between hyperuricemia and urinary calculus in patients with diabetes and non-diabetic healthy subjects

Abstract

Objective To investigate the association between hyperuricemia and urinary calculus in diabetic patients and non-diabetic healthy subjects. Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of diabetic patients and non-diabetic healthy subjects between January 2011 and September 2014, including body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, serum uric acid, serum creatinine, blood fat, estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) and urinary ultrasound. A total of 2 186 non-diabetic healthy subjects and 4 045 diabetic patients were included in this study. The mean age of non-diabetic healthy subjects was (44±14) years; 762 males and 1 424 females. The mean age of diabetic patients was(59±13) years; 2 260 males and 1 785 females. The prevalences of urinary calculus in subjects with hyperuricemia and without in the two groups were compared with χ2 test; and the prevalences of urinary calculus in subjects with different levels of uric acid were calculated too. Besides, the influence of hyperuricemia, diabetes on the prevalence of urinary calculus were also analyzed. Results The prevalence of urinary calculus in hyperuricemia group(7.9%) was significantly higher than that in normal serum uric acid group(3.5%) in non-diabetic group (χ2=5.453, P 420 μmol/L than the subjects with serum uric acid ≤300 μmol/L (non-diabetic subjects: OR=3.037, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.386-6.655, P<0.01; diabetic subjects: OR=1.520, 95%CI: 1.120-2.063, P<0.01). The risk of urinary calculus increased significantly in patients with hyperuricemia, diabetes or both diseases compared with that in non-diabetic non-hyperuricemia subjects (hyperuricemia: 7.9% vs 3.5%, OR=2.405, 95% CI: 1.125-5.140, P<0.05; diabetes: 10.5% vs 3.5%, OR=3.292, 95%CI: 2.543-4.262, P<0.01; both hyperuricemia and diabetes: 13.9% vs 3.5%, OR=4.501, 95% CI: 3.170-6.390, P<0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of urinary calculus in hyperuricemia patients is higher than that in normal serum uric acid subjects among non-diabetic healthy subjects and diabetic patients, and higher prevalence of urinary calculus occurs in hyperuricemia patients complicated with diabetes. Key words: Diabetes mellitus; Hyperuricemia; Urinary calculus