ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AND MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE ORAL CAVITY: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Abstract

<h3>Objectives</h3> The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus transmitted through the exchange of body fluids, which can result in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, which is associated with the etiology of oral malignancies. The aim was to evaluate the association between the etiology of oral malignant neoplasms and HIV. <h3>Study Design</h3> A survey of studies published in the previous 5 years in the PubMed database was conducted using the keywords "oral neoplasm, oral cancer, acquired immunodeficiency virus, HIV, human immunodeficiency syndrome and AIDS." <h3>Results</h3> 85 articles were found in PubMed. Only 9 studies remained after the selection. The mean age of the patients was 36.8 years with a predilection for males (5/4). The most prevalent neoplasms were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 3) and Kaposi's sarcoma (n = 3). The most common locations were alveolar ridge and hard palate. The therapeutic approaches were diverse and frequently included the administration of antiretroviral therapy associated with surgical excision or chemotherapy. Three patients died, 5 had regression of the disease, and 1 case did not state the prognosis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although the literature is limited, the reported cases show the influence of HIV on the etiology of multiple malignant neoplasms, revealing the significance of early diagnosis to the positive prognosis.