Association between high pre-pregnancy body mass index, excess gestational weight gain, and poor breastfeeding with overweight in 3-4-year-old Chilean children.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the association between prepregnancy body mass, gestational weight gain, and inadequate breastfeeding (BF) with overweight in Chilean children ages 3 to 4 y. This was an analytical and cross-sectional study with 560 participants. Age, residence, BF, and weight gain information were collected from child care records. The children's nutritional status (NS) was determined according to the weight-for-height z-score for sex. Bivariate relationships were evaluated by the χ2 test, and a multivariate logistic regression model was applied with the Stata version 15 software at α < 0.05. Prepregnancy NS values were 37% normal and 63% overweight. Excess weight gain occurred in 75% of the mothers. The children's NS was related to the duration of BF (P=0.002), prepregnancy NS (P=0.002), and weight gain (P=0.004). When adjusting the logistic regression model for sex and maternal age, the overweight prepregnancy NS increased up to twice the risk for OW in children (odds ratio [OR], 2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-4.1), as well as excess weight gain (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.5-5.9), and non-exclusive BF (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.3-4.4). Children showing risk factors such as non-exclusive BF, prepregnancy NS with overweight, and excess gestational weight gain faced between 2 and 2.4 times more risk for overweight than children without these factors.