Association between α-glucosidase inhibitor use and psoriatic disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A population-based cohort study.

Abstract

To investigate the association between the use of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) and the risk of psoriatic disease (ie, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with metformin. Using the 1999-2013 Taiwanese Longitudinal Cohort of Diabetes Patients Database, we identified patients with T2DM who initiated hypoglycaemic treatment between 2003 and 2012. After excluding patients with a history of psoriatic disease (International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 696.0-1) before T2DM diagnosis, patients who received antidiabetic treatment for <90days, and patients aged <20 or >100years, we identified 1390 patients who received metformin+AGIs (AGI exposure group) and 47514 patients who received metformin only (comparison group). We matched the two groups at a 1:10 ratio by age, sex, and index date of T2DM drug use. The association between AGI use and psoriatic disease risk was analysed using a Cox proportional hazard mode; time-dependent covariates for factors were reported in terms of hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after age, sex, T2DM duration, and comorbidities were controlled for. After adjusting the AGI exposure and comparison groups for potential confounders, we found that psoriatic disease risk was associated with metformin+AGI use when AGI was discontinued for 30days (HR, 8.77; 95% CI, 1.58-48.5) and when a high AGI dose was administered; furthermore, the risk declined during AGI discontinuation. This population-based study reports that AGI use and interruption of AGI use may be associated with increased psoriatic disease risk in treated patients with T2DM.