Association between Glucose Metabolism and Oral Combined Contraceptive Pills or Cyclic Progestin in Thai Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A 3-year Observational Study

Abstract

Objective: To measure the difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG) among Thai women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), having received either oral combined contraceptive pills (OCP) or cyclic progestin, during 3 years of treatment. Materials and Methods: The data were collected by a retrospective chart review of women with PCOS, who had been treated at Siriraj Hospital before June 2019, backward to the year 2000. The patients were divided into two groups, according to their different treatments, namely: an OCP group and a cyclic progestin group. There were 44 cases in each group, and both groups had received complete hormonal treatment over 3 years. Results: The patients’ baseline characteristics showed a significantly lower body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in the OCP group than in the cyclic progestin treatment group. After the 3-year period of treatment, the FBG differences in the OCP group and cyclic progestin treatment group were 3.4±8.4 and 3.6±8.5 mg/dL, respectively; which revealed no statistical significance. Additionally, the difference in the WC and metabolic profile between the studied groups after 3 years of treatment also revealed no significance. However, BMI presented a significant difference between the two hormonal regimens after 3 years of treatment (p-value=0.007), with higher differences in the OCP treatment group. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in FBG between the beginning and at the third year of treatment found in both regimens of hormonal treatment in Thai PCOS women.