Association Between FTO rs9939609 Polymorphism and Nutritional Status in Adults With Different Metabolic Phenotypes

Abstract

ObjectivesAnalyze the association between FTO rs9939609 polymorphism and nutritional status in Mexican adults with metabolically healthy or unhealthy phenotype. Methods266 Mexican adults with normal/excess weight (NW/EW) were included. Anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary parameters were determined. The subjects were classified into two metabolic phenotypes: healthy/unhealthy phenotype (MHP/MUHP). The subject’s classification used the homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and cut-off points from NCEP-ATP III for glucose, triglycerides (Ty), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure. Subjects with ≤1 altered parameter were classified as MHP. The genotypes TT/TA/AA were identified by allelic discrimination with TaqMan® probes. ResultsAmong the subjects with NW, 30% had the MUHP compared to 61% of the subjects with EW. The 55.3% presented the TT genotype, 30.3% AT, and 6.4% AA. Subjects with NW and MHP have greater parameters in the TT genotype (vs AT/AA, respectively): Ty (97.7 ± 30 mg/dL vs 80.6 ± 27.6 mg/dL, p = 0.008), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) (19.5 ± 6 mg/dL vs 16.1 ± 5.6 mg/dL, p = 0.008), Ty/glucose (TyG) index (3.6 ± 0.1 vs 3.5 ± 0.1, p = 0.022) and in men, the Ty/HDL-C (2.5 ± 0.8 vs 1.5 ± 0.5, p = 0.010). Subjects with NW and MUHP, HOMA-IR (TT, 2.7 ± 2.4 vs AT/AA, 3.9 ± 2.2 p = 0.011) and protein intake (TT, 18.1 ± 0.9 vs AT/AA, 15.3 ± 0.9% p = 0.043) showed significant differences. Moreover, subjects with EW and MHP have higher parameters in AT/AA genotype (vs TT, respectively): body mass index (BMI) (29.9 ± 4.2 vs 27.8 ± 2.2 kg/m2, p = 0.015), muscle mass (12.9 ± 2.4 vs 11.3 ± 1.9 kg, p = 0.028), total cholesterol (193.6 ± 33.1 vs 167.2 ± 35.9 mg/dL, p = 0.013), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (121.1 ± 33.4 vs 100.7 ± 32.2 mg/dL p = 0.040) and TyG index (3.6 ± 0.1 vs 3.5 ± 0.1, p = 0.033). In subjects with EW and MUHP significant differences were found between AT/AA vs TT genotype, respectively, in insulin (19 ± 9.7 vs 13.8 ± 6.6 μU/ml, p = 0.006) and HOMA-IR (4.5 ± 2.4 vs 3.3 ± 1.7, p = 0.016). ConclusionsIn subjects with NW and TT genotype, higher levels in Ty, VLDL-C, TyG index, and Ty/HDL index were found. In subjects with EW and AT/AA genotype, higher values in BMI, muscle mass, total cholesterol, VLDL-C, TyG index, insulin, and HOMA-IR were reported. Funding SourcesThis work was supported by FODECIJAL, PRO-SNI, and PROINPEP.