Abstract
Objectives Diabetes is a major health problem associated with hyperglycemia and chronically increased oxidative stress and enhanced formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). The aim of this study was to determine whether oxidative plasma biomarkers in diabetic patients could be evidenced and associated with vascular complications. Methods Oxidative stress biomarkers such as thiols, ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), glycated albumin (GA), fructosamine, and AGEs were measured in 75 patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (HbA1c > 7.5%) with (44) or without (31) vascular disease and in 31 nondiabetic controls. Results Most biomarkers of oxidation and glycation were significantly increased in diabetic patients in comparison with nondiabetics. Fructosamines, GA, IMA, and AGEs were positively correlated and levels of fluorescent AGEs were significantly increased in the plasma from patients presenting vascular complication. Conclusions These results bring new evidence for the potential interest of glycated albumin, oxidative stress, and glycoxidation parameters in the monitoring of type 2 diabetic patients. Furthermore, it emphasizes fluorescent AGEs as a putative indicator for vascular event prediction in diabetic patients.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease which has reached pandemic proportions and is considered as one of the world’s most important causes of healthcare expenditure, disability, and mortality
T2DM could double the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) including stroke and myocardial infarction, which represent the leading cause of mortality in western and developing countries [2]
The diabetic cases considered here are from the ERMIES study whereas controls come from patient samples of biochemistry unit of local hospital (Saint-Denis, La Reunion)
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease which has reached pandemic proportions and is considered as one of the world’s most important causes of healthcare expenditure, disability, and mortality. One of the underlying features of hyperglycaemia is the excessive nonenzymatic glycation of the two main circulating proteins: haemoglobin and albumin. This chemical process consists in a complex cascade of reactions between glucose or derivatives with proteins, yielding a heterogeneous class of compounds termed advanced glycation end-products (AGE) [6]. In conjunction with oxidative stress named “glycoxidation” can cause structural and functional impairments of plasma proteins in particular albumin [7,8,9] and was involved in pathophysiological mechanism of vascular diseases in T2DM [10, 11]. Many clinical studies have suggested glycated albumin (GA) and ischemia-modified
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