Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the results of a neonatal hearing health program and verify whether there is an association between the presence of risk indicators for hearing loss and failure in the tests and diagnosis. Methods: a one-cohort, observational, retrospective study with secondary data contained in a spreadsheet concerning the family’s sociodemographic condition, clinical history, and examination results of 7,800 participants who were submitted to hearing screening between 2010 and 2016. Absolute frequency and percentages were used in the description of the first and second stages. In the association between risk indicators and failures in the otoacoustic emissions, the odds ratio, confidence interval, and significance level at 0.5% were used. Results: the risk indicators in 8 out of the 12 infants presented with hearing loss were ototoxic medication and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, whereas the likelihood of failure in the otoacoustic emissions occurred along with 11 indicators. The likelihood of a diagnosis of hearing loss was 13 times greater when there was a risk indicator, 18 times greater when an ototoxic medication had been used, and 16.62 times greater when they stayed in ICUs. Conclusion: the results show that knowing the indicators leads to considering the actions the team in charge should take.
Highlights
Hearing loss is a sensory deprivation that impairs language acquisition and speech development, it can be minimized with an early diagnosis of the disability[1]
In 2012, The Brazilian Ministry of Health issued the Neonatal Hearing Screening Care Guidelines to instruct the multiprofessional teams on child hearing health care – especially the neonatal hearing screening (NHS), which is to be conducted in two stages, the first one named test, and the second one, retest[4]
The municipality of Mogi Mirim decided on the Outpatient Neonatal Hearing Health Program because when it was implemented, in 2009, there were not enough human resources to offer this service at the hospital and the hospital health care did not belong to the municipal health care network
Summary
Hearing loss is a sensory deprivation that impairs language acquisition and speech development, it can be minimized with an early diagnosis of the disability[1]. The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) has, since 1994, recommended neonatal hearing screening (NHS) to all newborns, as the presence of risk indicators for hearing loss (RIHL) can be identified in only 50% of the patients with hearing loss[2,3]. The brainstem auditory evoked potentials (automated or screening BAEP) examination is conducted still in this first stage[4]. In the newborn with RIHL, the first test must be conducted with the automated or screening BAEP because the prevalence of retrocochlear hearing losses, which cannot be identified with the OAE examination, is higher in this population[4]
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