Association between factor V Leiden mutation and recurrent pregnancy loss in the middle east countries: a Newcastle-Ottawa meta-analysis.

Abstract

Heritable thrombophilia is a category of genetic disorders of the coagulation cascade with the increasing risk of thrombus formation and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Factor V Leiden (FVL) (R506Q) mutation is the most common genetic cause of deep venous thrombosis, but its association with RPL has been inconsistent in studies arising from non-Western countries. The present metanalysis was aimed to determine whether an association exists between FVL and RPL in the Middle East. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, evaluating the association between the FVL and RPL. The Middle East countries (Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, The State of Palestine, Syria, Turkey, TheUnited Arab Emirates, and Yemen) were evaluated in succession. Raw data were extracted, and 19 case-control studies were included in our final analysis. Overall, 2513 cases and 1836 controls in the Middle East showed a prevalence of FVL mutation as 12.6% and 4.9% in patients and controls, respectively. To evaluate the relationship between FVL mutation and RPL, we used Forest plot (random effect model) with the overall random OR of 2.37 (CI 95%: 1.50-3.75). FVL mutation was associated with a higher risk of RPL. In Iran, the OR was 1.90 (95% CI 1.04-3.45), and in Turkey, the OR was 3.01 (95% CI 1.10-8.23). The results of our study support an association between FVL mutation status and RPL in women of the Middle East countries. It is recommended that specific policies include comprehensive testing for FVL mutation as a standard of care in women of the Middle East region with unexplained RPL.