Association between Exercise and Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Residents: A Meta-Analysis.

Zhu Zhu,Wu Yan,Jiaying Chen,Francis Manyori Bigambo,Qiurun Yu,Peihao Wu,Jose C Adsuar

doi:10.1155/2022/2453805

Abstract

Background Exercise is recommended as an effective lifestyle behaviour for adults to prevent and treat hypertension. In this study, a randomized-effect meta-analysis was used to analyse the influence of exercise interventions on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Methods Candidate papers were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases, and 46 studies were finally included and analysed. Results It was shown that preplanned walking (systolic blood pressure (SBP): WMD (weighted mean difference) = −5.94, 95% CI: −8.57, −3.30; diastolic blood pressure (DBP): WMD = −2.66, 95% CI: −3.66, −1.67), yoga (SBP: WMD = −5.09, 95% CI: −9.28, −0.89; DBP: WMD = −3.06, 95% CI: −5.16, −0.96), aquatic sports (SBP WMD = −7.53, 95% CI: −11.40, −3.65; DBP: WMD = −5.35, 95% CI: −9.00, −1.69), and football (SBP: WMD = −6.06, 95% CI: −9.30, −2.82; DBP: WMD = −5.55, 95% CI: −8.98, −2.13) had significant effects on blood pressure reduction. However, Tai Chi (SBP: WMD = −8.31, 95% CI: −20.39, 3.77; DBP: WMD = −3.05, 95% CI: −6.96, 0.87) and Qigong (SBP: WMD = −4.34, 95% CI: −13.5, 4.82; DBP: WMD = −3.44, 95% CI: −7.89, 1.01) did not significantly reduce blood pressure. The heterogeneity of the meta-analysis was high. Conclusion Walking, yoga, aquatic sports, and football were feasible and independent lifestyle interventions, and they were effective options for treating hypertension. More scientifically designed randomized controlled trials are needed in the future to further compare different forms of exercise for the treatment of hypertension.

Highlights

Exercise is recommended as an effective lifestyle behaviour for adults to prevent and treat hypertension
It was shown that preplanned walking (systolic blood pressure (SBP): weighted mean differences (WMDs) −5.94, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): −8.57, −3.30; diastolic blood pressure (DBP): WMD −2.66, 95% CI: −3.66, −1.67), yoga (SBP: WMD −5.09, 95% CI: −9.28, −0.89; DBP: WMD −3.06, 95% CI: −5.16, −0.96), aquatic sports (SBP WMD −7.53, 95% CI: −11.40, −3.65; DBP: WMD −5.35, 95% CI: −9.00, −1.69), and football (SBP: WMD −6.06, 95% CI: −9.30, −2.82; DBP: WMD −5.55, 95% CI: −8.98, −2.13) had significant effects on blood pressure reduction
We searched the candidate articles in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases for studies published before November 6, 2020. e following search terms were used in the databases: (1) “Hypertension” OR “Hypertensive” OR “High blood pressure” OR “Mean arterial” OR “Blood pressure” OR “Arterial pressure” OR “Systolic pressure” OR “Diastolic pressure” OR “Pulse pressure” OR “Venous pressure” OR “Pressure monitor” OR “Prehypertension” OR “BP”

Summary

Introduction

Exercise is recommended as an effective lifestyle behaviour for adults to prevent and treat hypertension. A randomized-effect meta-analysis was used to analyse the influence of exercise interventions on blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Yoga, aquatic sports, and football were feasible and independent lifestyle interventions, and they were effective options for treating hypertension. More scientifically designed randomized controlled trials are needed in the future to further compare different forms of exercise for the treatment of hypertension. E World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 25% of adults worldwide have hypertension, accounting for 4.5% of the global disease burden [1]. Despite the availability of effective antihypertensive drugs, the burden of hypertension is still increasing due to unhealthy behaviours, lack of screening awareness, and inadequate treatment and control [4, 5].

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion