Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to poor oral health. However, oral health among diabetic patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is scarcely studied. This study aimed to elucidate the prevalence of oral health complications and the relationship between DM and oral health status in diabetic patients with CVDs. This retrospective nationwide cross-sectional study evaluated 3495 patients aged ≥40 years with CVD, with DM (n = 847) and without DM (n = 2648). The participant’s characteristics between the two groups were compared using the Chi-square test and t-test. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associations between DM and oral health status. The prevalence of periodontitis (54.3% vs. 43.2%) and <20 number of remaining teeth (30.9% vs. 22.8%) was significantly higher in the DM than in the non-DM group. In the multivariate regression analysis, the incidence of periodontitis was 1.4 times higher in the DM group than in the non-DM after adjusting for confounders; however, the number of remaining teeth and active caries were not associated with DM. In conclusion, the oral health status of patients with coexisting CVD and DM should be assessed closely and actively. Healthcare professionals should provide accessible dental care services and develop strategies to improve patients’ oral health.
Highlights
In addition to being a major cause of mortality globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the principal contributors to decreased quality of life [1,2,3]
Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VII dataset from 2016 to 2018, we aimed to identify the prevalence of oral health problems and the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM)
The number of remaining teeth and active caries parameters were not associated with DM after adjusting for covariates in the multivariate regression analysis
Summary
In addition to being a major cause of mortality globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the principal contributors to decreased quality of life [1,2,3]. Among all cases of CVD, such as angina and myocardial infarction, approximately 32.2% were associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). Because CVD is a major cause of mortality in people with DM, they accounted for approximately half of all deaths that occurred globally between 2007 to 2017 [4]. In the United States National Health Interview surveys from 2000 to 2009, individuals diagnosed with both CVD and DM reportedly included approximately 26%. The combination of ischemic heart disease and DM is one of the most adverse conditions that lead to a significant increase in cardiovascular complications and mortality [6]. Healthcare professionals must consider the adverse effects and comorbid impact of CVD and DM
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