Abstract
Background: It remains unclear whether cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) is associated with dementia and its subtypes. We thus performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between dementia and cSS.Methods: We searched EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science for relevant studies assessing risk of dementia and prevalence of cSS in patients with cognitive impairment. Fixed-effects and random-effects models were performed.Results: Seven eligible studies including 3,218 patients with definite cognitive impairment were pooled in meta-analysis. The prevalence of cSS was 3.4%. The pooled analysis demonstrates odds ratio for cSS and dementia to be 1.60 (95% CI 1.04–2.44; p = 0.031). Subgroup analysis further indicated a significant association between cSS and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.34–3.02; p < 0.001), but not non-AD dementia (OR = 0.700, 95% CI 0.435–1.128; p = 0.143).Conclusions: Our meta-analysis of available published data demonstrates an increased prevalence of dementia in the subjects with pre-existing cSS, especially for AD. These findings suggest cSS to be a candidate imaging indicator for AD. Further longitudinal research is needed to investigate the clinical relevance.
Highlights
Dementia is a major public health concern associated with the aging population, and currently affects millions of individuals worldwide, while Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly (1)
Zonneveld et al found a higher prevalence of Cortical superficial siderosis (cSS) in patients with AD than those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (8), whereas a recent study failed to demonstrate the diagnostic significance of cSS for AD (9)
Fourteen studies met our predetermined criteria, five of these were from a same cohort, and other three were from cohorts of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) population
Summary
Seven eligible studies including 3,218 patients with definite cognitive impairment were pooled in meta-analysis. The pooled analysis demonstrates odds ratio for cSS and dementia to be 1.60 (95% CI 1.04–2.44; p = 0.031). Subgroup analysis further indicated a significant association between cSS and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.34–3.02; p < 0.001), but not non-AD dementia (OR = 0.700, 95% CI 0.435–1.128; p = 0.143)
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