Abstract
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) is one of the most common ocular disorders in infants and is typically caused by a persistent membrane covering the valve of Hasner. During a vaginal delivery (VD) the mechanical forces of the uterus may have a massage effect on the nasolacrimal system, resulting in the opening of Hasner's valve. This study investigates the association between mode of delivery (VD versus cesarean section [CS]) and CNLDO.
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