Association between Colonization with Group B Streptococcus, Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Preterm Labour

Abstract

Background: For neonates that survive preterm labor, neurological illness still ranks as one of the main causes of perinatal mortality. Researchers have hypothesized that maternal recto-vaginal colonization with group B Streptococcus and asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy might be risk factors for preterm birth. This study is to determine whether there is any connection between preterm birth, asymptomatic bacteriuria, and maternal group B streptococcus colonization. Patients and Methods: From January 10 to September 6, 2020, Salah Al-Deen General Hospital's obstetrics and gynecology department conducted a clinical based case control research. In the research, group 1 consisted of (50) women who had preterm labor (24–36+6 weeks), whereas group 2 consisted of (50) women who had full-term pregnancies. A questionnaire, as well as a general and abdominal examination, were used to gather the data. By collecting a high vaginal swab and sending it for microbiological analysis, all patients were screened for genital colonization with Group B streptococcus. Urine cultures were used to check all patients for asymptomatic bacteriuria. Results: Preterm births most frequently occurred in women between the ages of 25 and 29 (46%). The majority of women who gave birth prematurely came from rural regions, 30 (60%), were moms who worked at home, 42 (84%) and just 8 (16%) were employed. Positive urine cultures were detected in 10 (20%) more preterm births than in 3 (6% of full-term laboring mothers). A 30% detection rate of Group B Streptococcus was found in premature labor. 11 (22%) of preterm-born women had positive vaginal swaps for Group B Streptococcus, which is much more than the 4 (8% of full-term-born women). Conclusions: E. coli made up the majority of the bacteria that were found, followed by Group B Streptococcus colonization. Women who had preterm deliveries had considerably more positive urine cultures for Group B Streptococcus than those who had full-term deliveries.