Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between carotid plaques and cognitive impairment among patients with acute ischemic stroke, and to assess key clinical implications. In the Acute Ischemic Stroke Study, patients who received a cognitive testing and underwent complete carotid artery ultrasound scans were included. Cognitive function was measured by the mini-mental state examination. The cross-sectional relationships between cognitive impairment and carotid plaques were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 3116 patients included in this study, 826 (26.51%) patients were diagnosed with cognitive impairment. After adjusting for potential confounders, patients with ≥2 carotid plaques (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–1.82), patients with ≥2 number of carotid arteries with plaque (OR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.19–1.84) and patients with hypoechoic plaque (OR = 2.05; 95% CI: 1.24–3.38) are more likely to have cognitive impairment. In this acute ischemic stroke population, the number of carotid plaques, the number of carotid arteries with plaque and plaque stability are all associated with cognitive impairment.
Highlights
Elias MF et. have reported that higher 10-year Framingham risk for stroke was associated with performance decrements in multiple cognitive domains[19]
826 (26.51%) patients were diagnosed with cognitive impairment
Sex, marital status, education, alcohol use, tobacco use, hypercholesterolemia, and atrial fibrillation are associated with cognitive impairment (p < 0.05)
Summary
Elias MF et. have reported that higher 10-year Framingham risk for stroke was associated with performance decrements in multiple cognitive domains[19]. Have reported that higher 10-year Framingham risk for stroke was associated with performance decrements in multiple cognitive domains[19]. Several other studies found that carotid plaques were a major risk factor for stroke and subsequent cognitive impairment. Most of the above studies checking for the association between carotid plaques and cognitive impairment were conducted in stroke-free individuals[20], and that the results of these studies are partly inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between carotid plaques measured by carotid ultrasound and cognitive impairment during a large multi-center sample of stroke patients
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