Abstract
ObjectivesCarbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), as a member of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme family, was an endogenous marker of hypoxia. Previous studies suggested CA9 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in multiple types of malignancies. Therefore, this study was to evaluate the role of CA9 in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC) and to determine whether this biomarker was associated with patient clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis. MethodsWe assessed 63 patients diagnosed with SNSCC in 2013–2017 who underwent curative surgery. Tumor specimens was immunohistochemically analyzed for CA9 expression. The expression levels of CA9 was evaluated in relation to clinicopathological factors and prognosis. ResultsPositive expression of CA9 was observed in 21 (33.3%) patients and was significantly correlated with local recurrence (p = 0.016), overall survival (OS) (p = 0.003) and disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.002). In Cox's multivariate analysis, CA9 expression was an independent negative prognostic factor for OS (p = 0.048) and DFS (p = 0.019). ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that CA9 overexpression could be used as an independent prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in SNSCC.
Highlights
Carbonic anhydrase 9(CA9), as a member of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme family, was an endogenous marker of hypoxia
Positive expression of CA9 in patients with SNSCC was significantly correlated with local recurrence (p=0.016) and both overall survival (OS) (p=0.003) and disease-free survival (DFS) (p=0.002)
Our findings demonstrated that CA9 overexpression could be used as an independent prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in SNSCC
Summary
Carbonic anhydrase 9(CA9), as a member of the carbonic anhydrase enzyme family, was an endogenous marker of hypoxia. Previous studies suggested CA9 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in multiple types of malignancies. The purpose of current study was to evaluate the role of CA9 as a prognostic marker in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma(SNSCC). The most frequent malignant types of the sinonasal region are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Overexpression of CA9 has been reported in multiple types of malignancies including lung cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and bladder cancer[7]. Increased expression of CA9 has been suggested to be a poor prognostic factor in different types of cancer (e.g. breast, head and neck, stomach, liver, pancreas, colorectal carcinomas)[5]. We aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression pattern of CA9 in SNSCC, and determine its potential as a prognostic biomarker and for future therapeutic stratification
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