Abstract
Introduction: To determine whether dietary carbohydrates quality index (CQI), glycemic index, and glycemic load is associated with general and abdominal obesity. Methods: 850 participants, 20 to 59 years old, were enrolled in a cross-sectional study from five Tehran districts through health houses. The 168 items in the semi--quantitative food frequency questionnaire were used to assess dietary intake. The CQI was calculated by using the following four components: glycemic index, total fiber, solid carbohydrate to total carbohydrate ratio, and whole grains: total grains ratio. Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, the chance of obesity in men (OR=0.38, 95% CI 0.15to 0.95; P =0.04) measured by waist circumference (WC) was significantly lower in the fourth quintile of CQI in comparison with the first quintile. In addition, OR for obesity in men (OR=2.53, 95% CI0.52 to 1.37; P =0.04) was significantly 2.5 times higher among those in the fourth quintile of glycemic index compared with those in the lowest quintile. There was no significant association between dietary carbohydrates with general obesity in men and women. Conclusion: In summary, dietary CQI is significantly inversely related to central obesity in men,according to this study. Additionally, adherence to a diet with a higher glycemic index in men is positively associated with central obesity.
Highlights
To determine whether dietary carbohydrates quality index (CQI), glycemic index, and glycemic load is associated with general and abdominal obesity
The findings of our study suggest that, after adjustment for potential confounders, the consumption of diets with high CQI is inversely associated with abdominal obesity measured by waist circumference (WC) in men
*Values are mean ± standard deviation for variables. **Participants were divided into categories called quintiles. *** Carbohydrate quality index including total fiber, glycemic index, whole grains: total grains ratio, solid carbohydrate to total carbohydrate ratio carbohydrate quality score range: Q1: 4–8, Q2: 9–10, Q3: 11–12, Q4: 13–14, 15–20). Model 1 (Q5): 15–20). *** Obtained from one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Summary
To determine whether dietary carbohydrates quality index (CQI), glycemic index, and glycemic load is associated with general and abdominal obesity. OR for obesity in men (OR = 2.53, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.37; P = 0.04) was significantly 2.5 times higher among those in the fourth quintile of glycemic index compared with those in the lowest quintile. Conclusion: In summary, dietary CQI is significantly inversely related to central obesity in men, according to this study. Nutrition- related diseases have been shown to be strongly linked to high carbohydrate diets.[11]
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