Abstract
Background: Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a common disorder in the elderly and found to be most prevalent in postmenopausal women which are thought to be associated with several factors including hypertension, however, results are inconsistent in different studies.
 Aim of the study: This study aimed to explore the association between BMD and hypertension in postmenopausal women.
 Methods and materials: In this study, total 76 postmenopausal women were included. BMD was determined at the lumbar spine and femoral neck by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Anthropometric data and status of hypertension and diabetes were collected according to a pre-structured questioner.
 Results: Age (mean±SD) of the postmenopausal women was 57±9 years. Among them, 46 (60.5%) subjects were hypertensive and 30 (39.5%) were normotensive. Bone mineral density (g/cm2) in normotensive women and in hypertensive women were 0.79±0.15 vs 0.74±0.15 (p=0.160) at lumbar spine; 0.70±0.12 vs 0.69±0.13 (p=0.271) at right femoral neck and 0.73±0.15 vs 0.71±0.13 (p=0.592), respectively. T-scores at lumbar spine, right and left femoral neck in normotensive and hypertensive postmenopausal women were -2.28±1.37 vs -2.75±1.35 (p=0.153), -1.70±1.16 vs -1.95±1.07 (p=0.363) and -1.82±0.95 vs -1.93±1.01 (p=0.632) respectively. On multiple regression analysis, BMD and T-score only at lumbar spine showed inverse association with hypertension (β=-0.069, p=0.045; β=-0.612, p=0.050) on adjusting confounding variables.
 Conclusion: Hypertension is independently associated with BMD and T-score measured from the lumbar spine but not with BMD and T-score measured from the femoral neck in postmenopausal women.
Highlights
With the increasing elderly population and change in lifestyle, hypertension and osteoporosis are becoming important non-communicable public health problems in the world [1]-[3]
Hypertension is independently associated with Bone mineral density (BMD) and Tscore measured from the lumbar spine but not with BMD and T-score measured from the femoral neck in postmenopausal women
Bone mineral density (BMD) and Bone mineral content (BMC) are the common tests for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and prediction of fracture risk, various studies suggest that the common risk factors for osteoporosis include age, gender, smoking, coronary heart disease, diabetes, essential hypertension, decreased estrogen level etc. [15]-[17]
Summary
With the increasing elderly population and change in lifestyle, hypertension and osteoporosis are becoming important non-communicable public health problems in the world [1]-[3]. Bone mineral density (BMD) and Bone mineral content (BMC) are the common tests for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and prediction of fracture risk, various studies suggest that the common risk factors for osteoporosis include age, gender, smoking, coronary heart disease, diabetes, essential hypertension, decreased estrogen level etc. With the improvement in diagnosis and treatment, life expectancy after menopause has increased in women. Low bone mineral density (BMD) is a common disorder in the elderly and found to be most prevalent in postmenopausal women which are thought to be associated with several factors including hypertension, results are inconsistent in different studies
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