Abstract
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remains underutilised, despite its established clinical benefit. A personality traits assessment may help promote CR implementation, as they are determinants of health-related behaviour. This study aimed to examine the association between the Big Five personality traits and outpatient CR participation in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) after discharge. This retrospective cohort study included 163 patients aged <80 years, who underwent inpatient CR when hospitalised for CVD. The Big Five personality traits (conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness, extraversion, and agreeableness) of each patient were evaluated at discharge, using the Japanese version of the Ten-Item Personality Inventory. We examined the relationship of each personality trait with non-participation in outpatient CR and dropout within three months, using logistic regression analysis. Out of 61 patients who initiated the outpatient CR, 29 patients dropped out, leaving us with 32 subjects. The logistic regression analysis results showed that high conscientiousness was associated with non-participation in CR. The primary reason for this was a lack of motivation. Conversely, low conscientiousness and high openness were predictors of dropout. This study suggests that the assessment of the Big Five personality traits, especially conscientiousness and openness, can help improve health communication with patients to promote outpatient CR participation after discharge.
Highlights
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant health concern worldwide [1]
We examined the outpatient Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) attendance for each patient for three months after discharge, which has been associated with a favourable prognosis in patients with CVD [26]
Interactions were not considered in this study, as we aimed to explore the association between each personality trait and non-participation or dropout
Summary
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant health concern worldwide [1]. Secondary prevention has become more important in clinical practice because survival rates of CVD have improved with the advance of medical treatment and the emergency medical system [2]. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a disease management programme that improves exercise tolerance [3,4], health-related quality of life [5,6], and prognosis [7,8]. A recent systematic review has demonstrated that many interpersonal factors are associated with non-participation in CR [12]. This evidence suggests the importance of patient–medical staff communication for promoting CR participation
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