Association between attentional function and postural instability in Japanese older patients with diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

This study assessed the association between attentional function and postural instability in older Japanese patients with diabetes. This cross-sectional study included 168 older patients with diabetes who were referred to an outpatient diabetic clinic between June and July 2013. The Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A) was used to evaluate attentional function. Posturography was used to evaluate postural sway. Indices of postural sway were the total length and the enveloped area. Analysis of covariance was used to estimate the multivariable-adjusted means of indices of postural sway according to tertile of TMT-A. After adjustment for age, sex, regular exercise, diabetic retinopathy, bilateral numbness and/or paresthesia in the feet, hemoglobin A1c level, quadriceps strength, and Mini-Mental State Examination score, patients with lower attentional function had higher postural sway length (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, p=0.010) and enveloped area (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, p=0.030) levels than those with higher attentional function. Among older patients with diabetes who did not have dementia, patients with lower attentional function may have more postural instability than those with higher attentional function.