Association Between Asthma Control Status and Lung Function with Vitamin D Level in Children with Bronchial Asthma

Abstract

Bronchial asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. Pooled vitD levels were positively correlated with pooled ACT scores, Treg counts, FEV1% values and VDBP levels. Vitamin D supplementation reduced the rate of asthma exacerbation, especially in patients with vitamin D insufficiency. The 25-OH vitamin D levels were lower in pediatric asthma patients with worse spirometry results. Lower vitamin D levels in children with STRA were associated with increased ASM mass and worse asthma control and lung function. Materials and methods: The study was performed in children aged 6 -15 years old, including patients with asthma (n=50), who referred to Sachkhere medical center for a visit. The status of asthma control in the basic group was classified as controlled (n=31) and uncontrolled (n=19). The children underwent serum vitamin D and IgE level, spirometry and skin prick tests for the study. Results: Using the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of asthma was associated with the reduced level of vitamin D (OR=1.35, 95% CI (1,14-1.58) P=0.011; X²=6.78; F-0.022) in children with uncontrolled bronchial asthma. 48% of the patients in the group- controlled asthma (n=15) had vitamin D deficit, and in 52% of the cases (n=16) was confirmed with vitamin D insufficient. In the group –uncontrolled asthma - 5% of the patients (n=1) had Vitamin D insufficiency in blood serum. In 95% (n=18) of the patients vitamin D level was significantly low < 20 ng/ml. According the results, decreased pulmonary function (p-0.039; x2-3.12) is strongly associated with low level of vitamin D; but neither serum IgE level (p-0.54; x2-10.9), nor skin prick test result on dust mite (p-0.50, x2-5.12) was correlations with serum vitamin D low level. Conclusion: The presence of vitamin D deficiency effectively predict increased risk of uncontrolled bronchial asthma in children. Serum vitamin D level is related to lung function too. Therefore, by normalize vitamin D level in blood serum maybe improve lung function and control status in children with bronchial asthma.